Wednesday, August 29, 2012

基督人性的被造

2012-4-20 01:05


Big 2012-4-20 01:08
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_692933db0100kctd.html
有關「基督人性的被造」(康來昌)
(2010-07-25 04:51:23)

圣父生圣子而非造圣子,这是神论;童女马利亚受圣灵感孕而生耶稣,耶稣受造,这是基督论。二者有关但不同。

  基督的人性被造是正统神学。我先引《加尔文要义》(钱曜诚译本)的话:「摩尼教徒认为,基督所取的是属天的肉体。然而圣经反驳这谬论」(2,13,1,381页)。「主自己因不满足于『人』这称呼,就常称自己为『人子』,这就更证明他是人的后裔。」(382页)。「保罗并没有教导基督的身体拥有属天的本质」,「基督与人拥有同样肉体的本性」(383页),「他们…的谬误□证明基督的身体出于虚无」(385页)。对不起,加尔文的口气甚凶,我只是引述。

  其次,我不在讲形式逻辑,我只是在讲最简单的定义和常识:人和肉不能不是受造的,如耶稣的肉身不是受造的,那麽,他剪下的指甲,头发,排泄的粪便,都不是受造物,是神,是我们要敬拜的。

  最后,我建议,我们还是多看圣经,多看圣经对耶稣同有神性人性的描述。
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 01:09
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_692933db0100k7yc.html
基督的人性是被造的吗?
(2010-07-21 02:35:11)

这个议题很复杂,让我们都在爱神爱弟兄中讨论。



  直接的说,耶稣的人性和肉身当然是受造的,不信这个,是严重的错误。


  单从定义而言,不存在一个非受造的人性或肉身。只有神,三一真神,圣父圣子圣灵非受造,非受造的神永远存在,人和肉身是被造之後才存在,包括圣子的人性和肉身。我们可以学一位敬虔教父(对不起,忘了名字,我译的早期基督教教义中应有)的讲法:「圣子在马利亚腹中为自己造了一个肉身。」但即使是这个讲法,耶稣的人性和肉身仍是被造的,在「他为自己造」之前,他的人性和肉身是不存在的。何况,这个讲法并不被多数教父采纳,较多的教父和会议(对不起,实在没时间查书)是说:「他从父得到神性(指为父所生而非所造,尼西亚信经的重点),从马利亚得到人性」。後面这句话建立在「圣灵感孕」上。



  非受造派说,他的肉身是「道成」的,人不能理解,这是奥秘。但教会从很早(起码特土良起)就不用「变成」来解是道「成」肉身的成。「道成肉身」不是道「变成」(transfiguratus)了肉身,而是道把自己穿在肉身内(indutuscarnem),或说,道没变,是道加上了肉身。按正统神学,神和道都永不变;如果变了,那耶稣就会是一个非神非人的怪物(tertiumquid)。耶稣是从马利亚「取了身体」,(和我们一样,从母腹中得了身体(人性),只是他没有罪)。与此相连的,圣子「虚己」(腓2:7),不是圣子「虚了、少了」神性。几百年的神学争论的结论是:道成肉身和圣子虚己都是指他「加了」或「取了」人性。「敬虔」的异端传统和华人「耶稣肉身非受造」派的思维一样,他们都觉得,把耶稣说成是一般人,那太不敬了。所以,他们的始祖否定耶稣有肉身,这是使徒时代就有的幻影派Docetism。



  後来不能不承认耶稣有肉身了,还有人拒绝承认耶稣有人的魂,这是道─肉基督论,与此相对的是道─人基督论,这较复杂,不谈。加克敦会议後,基督人性的完全及他的神性人性如何结合,大抵尘埃落定。不过後来总还有敬虔的人,如改教运动时的重洗派及门诺会,要把耶稣的人性讲得「高级」一点,和「我们不太一样」。其实,除了没有罪以外,「他凡事该与他的弟兄相同」(来2:17)。正统教会这麽重视「道成了完完全全的人」,就是不要人失去救恩,而把耶稣的人性或肉身说得「高级、非受造」的,正是像所有的异端一样,会叫人失去救恩(也没时间讨论,各位请看希伯来书)。

  神是三个位格(three persons)在一个本体(one essence)中,耶稣是两个性质(two natures,神性人性)在一个位格中,耶稣位格中的神性是非受造的,人性则是,而二性在一个位格中有完好的结合。正统教义说马利亚是「神母」,就是要强调,马利亚没生「两个人」或「一神一人」;她生了「一个人」(one person),这person,有神人二性。

  以下是一篇李常受派的文章,请不要因人废言,不要因他是李派,就否定他一切的话,我认为他这篇文章里,基督论是正确的。http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4ccf3bc60100jwqj.html
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 01:15
> 「主自己因不满足于『人』这称呼,就常称自己为『人子』,这就更证明他是人的后裔。」

人子真的是這個意思,是嗎?
人子就是神子,重點不是人,是子;不是子所具備的身分,是子所要做的工作。

..太16:13 耶稣... 就问门徒说:人说我(有古卷没有我字)人子是谁?... 16:16 西门彼得回答说:你是基督,是永生神的儿子。
..太26:63 大祭司对他说:...你是神的儿子基督不是?26:64 耶稣对他说:你说的是。然而,我告诉你们,后来你们要看见人子坐在那权能者的右边,驾着天上的云降临。
..但7:13 我在夜间的异象中观看,见有一位象人子的,驾着天云而来,被领到亘古常在者面前,7:14 ...他的国必不败坏。
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 03:10
> 道成肉身和圣子虚己都是指他「加了」或「取了」人性。

..腓2:7 取了奴仆的形像-form,(於是?,) 成为人的样式-likeness;
..約1:14 道成了肉身,

2:6他本 有-existing神的形象,不以自己与神同等为强夺的;
2:7反倒虚己,取了taking奴仆的形象,成为人的样式;
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 03:21
> 耶稣位格中的神性是非受造的,(耶稣位格中的)人性则是,而二性在一个位格中有完好的结合。正统教义说马利亚是「神母」,就是要强调,马利亚没生「两个人」或「一神一人」;她生了「一个人」(one person),这person,有神人二性。

耶穌,一個位格,原來有完全的神性,後來又有完全的人性。
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 03:22
問題:人必須是被造的嗎?

生必定是造吗?-- 圣父生圣子,也是造吗?
人必定是被造?-- 为什么耶稣的人性就没有罪、就不犯罪?

耶稣没有身父,为什么与我们相同的血肉之体?
耶稣的肉体是被造的,那么神在旧约显现的身体是什么?
(1)幻影,(2)天使,但是天使可以受敬拜吗?
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 04:29
http://www.ccgn.nl/boeken/christ/big5/chap22.htm
第廿二章 關于基督位格的謬說

http://xy.chinafuyin.cn/Books/PI_Pastor-Creeds/gb/index.htm
历代基督教大公信经 (九)
使徒信经
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 05:29
2:14儿女既同有血肉之体,他也照样亲自成了血肉之体,特要藉着死败坏那掌死权的,就是魔鬼,
2:17所以,他凡事该与他的弟兄相同,为要在神的事上成为慈悲忠信的大祭司,为百姓的罪献上挽回祭。

2:14 For as much then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil;
2:16 For truly he took not on him the nature of angels; but he took on him the seed of Abraham.
2:17 Why in all things it behooved him to be made like to his brothers, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 05:51
* μετέχω (metechó) 

1 Corinthians 9:10 打场的也当存得(分)粮的指望去打场。
NAS: [to thresh] in hope of sharing [the crops].

1 Corinthians 9:12 若别人在你们身上有(分)这权柄,何况我们呢?
NAS: others share the right

1 Corinthians 10:17 因为我们都是分受这一个饼。
NAS: for we all partake of the one

1 Corinthians 10:21 你们不...不能吃(分)主的筵席又吃鬼的筵席。
NAS: you cannot partake of the table

1 Corinthians 10:30 我若谢恩而吃(分),
NAS: If I partake with thankfulness, why

Hebrews 2:14 儿女既同有(分*)血肉之体,他也照样亲自成了(分)血肉之体,
NAS: also partook of the same,

Hebrews 5:13 凡只能吃(分)奶的都不熟练仁义的道理,
NAS: For everyone who partakes [only] of milk

Hebrews 7:13 因为这话所指的人本属(分)别的支派,那支派里从来没有一人伺候祭坛。
NAS: are spoken belongs to another
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 06:06
* κοινωνέω (koinóneó) 
- V + Dat (供应 D-person en+thing; 经历 D-thing of-person),
- V + Gen (*Heb 2:14),

Romans 12:13 圣徒缺乏要帮补;
NAS: contributing to the needs

Romans 15:27 因外邦人既然在他们属灵的好处上有分,就当把养身之物供给他们。
NAS: the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things,

Galatians 6:6 在道理上受教的,当把一切需用的供给施教的人。
NAS: the word is to share all

Philippians 4:15 论到授-受的事,除了你们以外,并没有别的教会供给我。
NAS: church shared with me in the matter

1 Timothy 5:22 给人行按手的礼,不可急促;不要在别人的罪上有分,要保守自己清洁。
NAS: and thereby share [responsibility for] the sins

Hebrews 2:14 儿女既同有血肉之体,他也照样亲自成了血肉之体,
NAS: the children share in flesh

1 Peter 4:13 倒要欢喜;因为你们是与基督一同受苦,
NAS: but to the degree that you share the sufferings

2 John 1:11 因为问他安的,就在他的恶行上有分。
NAS: him a greeting participates in his evil
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 06:10
他也照样亲自成了血肉之体 
- he also himself likewise took part of the same
- μετέχω (metechó)  - 共同领受

κοινωνέω (koinóneó) - 参与,供应,?领受
- V + Dat (D-person en+thing; D-thing of-person), 
- V + Gen (*Heb 2:14),

* 同伙,分享(或给,或收-受)
- together:  to own or experience? to do or be done?
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-20 06:20
与他的弟兄相同
- 使相似,make like, become like
- 效法,好比,好像,像...样子,
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-25 01:41
2844. κοινωνός (koinónos) 伙伴 of person, 同享 of thing

1510-be/1096-become + adj + 
... of-thing/person; of-person en-thing*; Dat-person (*Luke 5:10); 

Matthew 23:30 Adj-NMP 必不和他们同流先知的血。
NAS: we would not have been partners with them in [shedding] the blood

Luke 5:10 Adj-NMP 他的伙伴西庇太的儿子雅各、约翰,
NAS: who were partners with Simon.

1 Corinthians 10:18 Adj-NMP 那吃祭物的岂不是在祭坛上有分吗?
NAS: the sacrifices sharers in the altar?

1 Corinthians 10:20 Adj-AMP 我不愿意你们与鬼相交。
NAS: you to become sharers in demons.

2 Corinthians 1:7 Adj-NMP 因为知道你们既是同受苦楚,也必同得安慰。
NAS: knowing that as you are sharers of our sufferings,

2 Corinthians 8:23 N-NMS 论到提多,他是我的同伴,
NAS: As for Titus, [he is] my partner and fellow worker

Philemon 1:17 Adj-AMS 你若以我为同伴,
NAS: you regard me a partner, accept

Hebrews 10:33 Adj-NMP 一面陪伴那些受这样苦难的人。
NAS: by becoming sharers with those

1 Peter 5:1 N-NMS 我这作长老、作基督受苦的见证、同享后来所要显现之荣耀的,
NAS: of Christ, and a partaker also

2 Peter 1:4 Adj-NMP 就得与 神的性情有分。
NAS: that by them you may become partakers of [the] divine
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-25 02:25
2842. κοινωνία (koinónia) 
相交 + of-person (meta-of-person), 
同领 + of-thing, 
供应 + eis-person
- Rom 15:26/2 Cor 9:13 + eis + person
- 2 Cor 6:14 + Dat-thing*
- Php 1:5 + of-person eis-thing*
- 1 John 1:3 2192-have + n + of-person meta-of-person

Acts 2:42 N-DFS 彼此交接,擘饼,祈祷。
NAS: teaching and to fellowship, to the breaking

Romans 15:26 N-AFS 乐意凑出捐项给耶路撒冷圣徒中的穷人。
NAS: to make a contribution for the poor

1 Corinthians 1:9 N-AFS 好与他儿子―我们的主耶稣基督一同得分。
NAS: you were called into fellowship with His Son,

1 Corinthians 10:16 N-NFS 我们所祝福的杯,岂不是同领基督的血吗?
NAS: we bless a sharing in the blood

1 Corinthians 10:16 N-NFS 我们所擘开的饼,岂不是同领基督的身体吗?
NAS: we break a sharing in the body

2 Corinthians 6:14 N-NFS 义和不义有甚么相交呢?光明和黑暗有甚么相通呢?
NAS: what fellowship has light

2 Corinthians 8:4 N-AFS 准他们在这供给圣徒的恩情上有分;
NAS: for the favor of participation in the support

2 Corinthians 9:13 N-GFS 多多的捐钱给他们和众人,
NAS: and for the liberality of your contribution to them and to all,

2 Corinthians 13:14 N-NFS 圣灵的感动,
KJV: and the communion of the Holy

Galatians 2:9 N-GFS 就向我和巴拿巴用右手行相交之礼,
NAS: the right hand of fellowship, so

Philippians 1:5 N-DFS 你们是同心合意的兴旺福音。
NAS: in view of your participation in the gospel

Philippians 2:1 N-NFS 圣灵有甚么交通,
NAS: there is any fellowship of the Spirit,

Philippians 3:10 N-AFS 并且晓得和他一同受苦,效法他的死,
NAS: of His resurrection and the fellowship of His sufferings,

Philemon 1:6 N-NFS 愿你与人所同有的信心显出功效,
NAS: [and I pray] that the fellowship of your faith

Hebrews 13:16 N-GFS 只是不可忘记行善和捐输的事;
NAS: doing good and sharing, for with such

1 John 1:3 N-AFS 我们将所看见、所听见的传给你们,使你们与我们相交。
NAS: may have fellowship with us; and indeed

1 John 1:3 N-NFS 我们乃是与父并他儿子耶稣基督相交的。
NAS: with us; and indeed our fellowship is with the Father,

1 John 1:6 N-AFS 我们若说是与 神相交,却仍在黑暗里行,
NAS: that we have fellowship with Him and [yet] walk

1 John 1:7 N-AFS 我们若在光明中行,如同 神在光明中,就彼此相交,
NAS: we have fellowship with one another,
flicker 彩虹炫 | 编辑 删除Big 2012-4-26 12:47
λαβὼν (labōn)
- 用手领受。

Luke 6:4 V-APA-NMS 拿陈设饼吃,
NAS: of God, and took and ate

Luke 9:16 V-APA-NMS 耶稣拿着这五个饼,两条鱼,
NAS: Then He took the five loaves

Luke 13:19 V-APA-NMS 有人拿去种在园子里,
NAS: a man took and threw

Luke 20:29 V-APA-NMS 第一个娶了妻,
NAS: and the first took a wife

Luke 22:19 V-APA-NMS 又拿起饼来,
NAS: And when He had taken [some] bread

Luke 24:30 V-APA-NMS 耶稣拿起饼来,
NAS: He had reclined [at the table] with them, He took the bread

Luke 24:43 V-APA-NMS 他接过来,
NAS: and He took it and ate [it] before

John 3:33 V-APA-NMS 那领受他见证的,
NAS: He who has received His testimony

John 13:4 V-APA-NMS 拿一条手巾束腰,
NAS: His garments; and taking a towel,

John 13:30 V-APA-NMS 犹大受了那点饼,
NAS: So after receiving the morsel he went

John 18:3 V-APA-NMS 犹大领了一队兵,
NAS: then, having received the [Roman] cohort

Acts 2:33 V-APA-NMS 又从父受了所应许的圣灵,
NAS: of God, and having received from the Father

Acts 9:19 V-APA-NMS 吃过饭就健壮了。
NAS: and he took food and was strengthened.

Acts 16:3 V-APA-NMS 保罗要带他同去,
NAS: to go with him; and he took him and circumcised

Acts 16:24 V-APA-NMS 禁卒领了这样的命,
NAS: and he, having received such

Acts 26:10 V-APA-NMS 既从祭司长得了权柄,
NAS: in prisons, having received authority

Acts 27:35 V-APA-NMS 就拿着饼,
NAS: this, he took bread

1 Corinthians 4:7 V-APA-NMS (你有甚么不是领受的呢;若是领受的),为何自夸,彷彿不是领受的呢?
NAS: as if you had not received it?

2 Corinthians 11:8 V-APA-NMS 向他们取了工价来给你们效力。
NAS: churches by taking wages

Philippians 2:7 V-APA-NMS 取了奴仆的形象,
NAS: Himself, taking the form

2 Timothy 1:5 V-APA-NMS 想到你心里无伪之信,
KJV: When I call to remembrance

Hebrews 9:19 V-APA-NMS 把牛犊山羊的血和水
NAS: to the Law, he took the blood

2 Peter 1:9 V-APA-NMS 忘了他旧日的罪已经得了洁净。
NAS: [or] short-sighted, having forgotten [his] purification

2 Peter 1:17 V-APA-NMS 他从父神得尊贵荣耀的时候,
NAS: For when He received honor and glory

No comments:

Post a Comment